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According to the theory of efficiency wages, it may be profitable for firms to keep wages high even in the presence of a surplus of labor.

A) True
B) False

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The Bureau of Labor Statistics reported in 2005 that there were 59.98 million people over age 25 whose highest level of education was a high school degree or equivalent, 36.40 million of whom were employed and 1.93 million of whom were unemployed. What were the labor-force participation rate and the unemployment rate for this group?


A) 60.7% and 3.2%
B) 60.7% and 5.0%
C) 63.9% and 3.2%
D) 63.9% and 5.0%

E) B) and D)
F) A) and C)

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The normal rate of unemployment around which the unemployment rate fluctuates is called cyclical unemployment.

A) True
B) False

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Figure 28-5 Figure 28-5   -Refer to Figure 28-5. If the minimum wage is set at $125, then A)  the quantity of labor demanded will equal 20. B)  the quantity of labor supplied will equal 35. C)  the surplus of labor will equal 25. D)  unemployment will equal 10. -Refer to Figure 28-5. If the minimum wage is set at $125, then


A) the quantity of labor demanded will equal 20.
B) the quantity of labor supplied will equal 35.
C) the surplus of labor will equal 25.
D) unemployment will equal 10.

E) A) and B)
F) None of the above

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The adult population must equal the sum of the employed, the unemployed, and those not in the labor force.

A) True
B) False

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Figure 28-6 Figure 28-6   -Refer to Figure 28-6. What type of unemployment is measured by the differences between lines A and B? -Refer to Figure 28-6. What type of unemployment is measured by the differences between lines A and B?

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cyclical u...

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Job search


A) is one reason economies always experience some unemployment.
B) is the process of matching workers with appropriate jobs.
C) would not be a problem if all workers and all jobs were the same.
D) All of the above are correct.

E) All of the above
F) B) and C)

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When a union raises the wage above the equilibrium level, it reduces the quantity of labor supplied and raises the quantity of labor demanded, resulting in unemployment.

A) True
B) False

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Susan is a plant manager in charge of a factory in a relatively poor country. Even though market wages are low, she decides to raise the wages of her workers. Her decision


A) might increase profits if it means that the wage is high enough for her workers to eat a nutritious diet that makes them more productive.
B) will help eliminate the excess supply of labor.
C) may cause her workers to reduce the effort they expend at their jobs.
D) All of the above are correct.

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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Efficiency wages create structural unemployment.

A) True
B) False

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When a union raises the wage above the equilibrium level, it


A) reduces both the quantity of labor supplied and the quantity of labor demanded.
B) reduces the quantity of labor supplied and raises the quantity of labor demanded.
C) raises the quantity of labor supplied and reduces the quantity of labor demanded.
D) raises both the quantity of labor supplied and the quantity of labor demanded.

E) None of the above
F) A) and B)

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Table 28-6 Table 28-6   -Refer to Table 28-6. What is the U-5 measure of labor underutilization? A)  7.5% B)  7.9% C)  8.1% D)  26% -Refer to Table 28-6. What is the U-5 measure of labor underutilization?


A) 7.5%
B) 7.9%
C) 8.1%
D) 26%

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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Unemployment insurance


A) reduces search effort which raises unemployment.
B) reduces search effort which lowers unemployment.
C) increases search effort which raises unemployment.
D) increases search effort which decreases unemployment.

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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The Bureau of Labor Statistics divides the adult population into four categories: employed, underemployed, unemployed, and not in the labor force.

A) True
B) False

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Noah is an unpaid stay-at-home father who is not currently searching for paid work. Pete is a full-time student who is not looking for a job. Who is included in the labor force by the Bureau of Labor Statistics?


A) only Noah
B) only Pete
C) both Noah and Pete
D) neither Noah nor Pete

E) B) and C)
F) C) and D)

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Measuring unemployment is the job of the Bureau of Labor Statistics.

A) True
B) False

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Efficiency wages


A) may increase productivity.
B) will increase unemployment.
C) may improve worker health.
D) All of the above are correct.

E) A) and D)
F) A) and B)

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Minimum-wage laws and unions are similar to each other but different from efficiency wages in that minimum-wage law and unions


A) cause unemployment, but efficiency wages do not.
B) cause the quantity of labor supplied to exceed the quantity of labor demanded, but efficiency wages do not.
C) cause wages to be above the equilibrium level.
D) prevent firms from lowering wages in the presence of a surplus of workers.

E) A) and C)
F) C) and D)

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Sheamous loses his job and decides to sit on the beach rather than look for work during the next few months. Other things the same, the unemployment rate


A) increases, and the labor-force participation rate decreases.
B) increases, and the labor-force participation rate is unaffected.
C) is unaffected, and the labor-force participation rate decreases.
D) and the labor-force participation rate are both unaffected.

E) A) and B)
F) B) and C)

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Table 28-11 2010 Labor Data for Tajnia Table 28-11 2010 Labor Data for Tajnia   -Refer to Table 28-11. The labor force of Tajnia in 2010 is 12,250. -Refer to Table 28-11. The labor force of Tajnia in 2010 is 12,250.

A) True
B) False

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