Question 1

A protein is discovered to undergo a reversible phosphorylation reaction in the cell.Scientists do not know whether this phosphorylation has any biological function, but one possibility is that

Accepted Answer

A)   the modification will convert the protein from a cytosolic protein into a membrane-bound protein.
B)   the phosphate groups will prevent the protein from denaturing even under high heat or high levels of chemical denaturant.
C)   the change will cause the peptide bonds of the protein to weaken and break.
D)   the protein will undergo a shape change that will either activate or inhibit its biological activity.
E)   the additional phosphate groups will make the protein better able to diffuse through the cell membrane.F) A) and D)
G) A) and C)

Question 2

Olive oil melts at a lower temperature than beef fat because

Accepted Answer

A)   oils contain glycerol, whereas fats do not.
B)   fats contain more saturated fatty acids than oils do.
C)   fats contain more unsaturated fatty acids than oils do.
D)   oils are made by plants, whereas fats are made by animals.
E)   olive trees naturally occur in warmer climates than beef cattle do.F) C) and D)
G) D) and E)

Question 3

Hydroxyl groups are polar, and thus a molecule that contains multiple hydroxyl groups will be

Accepted Answer

A)   basic.
B)   soluble in water.
C)   involved in reactions forming more complex molecules.
D)   nonpolar.
E)   hydrophobic.F) A) and D)
G) None of the above

Question 4

Refer to the figure below showing a section of a polypeptide chain in a protein.  Which bond labeled on the figure undergoes hydrolysis as the chain is broken down to its amino acid building blocks?

Accepted Answer

A)   1
B)   2
C)   3
D)   4
E)   5F) B) and E)
G) None of the above

Question 5

You are designing an experiment that requires a protein to be exposed to high heat yet remain functional.You find, however, that the protein has lost its function on returning to its normal physiological temperature.You determine that the loss of function is due to an error in refolding of the protein.To remedy this, you could

Accepted Answer

A)   expose the protein to high temperature multiple times.
B)   add a chaperone.
C)   change the peptide backbone.
D)   increase the pH.
E)   add mercaptoethanol.F) A) and E)
G) A) and D)

Question 6

Starch and glycogen are similar in that they both

Accepted Answer

A)   store genetic information.
B)   are polymers of amino acids.
C)   are composed of fructose monomers.
D)   contain carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen.
E)   denature into a peptide backbone.F) A) and D)
G) A) and C)

Question 7

Refer to the figure below.  Which of the following is broken during hydrolysis reactions that release the molecule's monomers as products?

Accepted Answer

A)   Bond A
B)   Bond B
C)   Bond C
D)   Bond D
E)   Bond EF) D) and E)
G) B) and D)

Question 8

Figure 1 shows a protein enzyme labeled E that catalyzes a chemical reaction involving the substrate molecule labeled C.Figure 2 shows how another molecule, labeled D, binds to a site on the protein that is distinct from the catalytic site.  Based on the activities shown, what biological advantage does this protein gain by having the ability to bind molecule D?

Accepted Answer

A)   It gains a new chemical reaction that it can catalyze.
B)   It gains the ability to bind a broader range of molecules at its catalytic site.
C)   It gains a mechanism for preventing the protein from being degraded.
D)   It gains a means for turning the biological activity of the protein on and off.
E)   It gains the ability to diffuse through cell membranes.F) C) and D)
G) B) and D)

Question 9

Refer to the figure below.  Rank the three structures shown, from lowest to highest density.

Accepted Answer

A)   Cellulose, starch, glycogen
B)   Starch, cellulose, glycogen
C)   Glycogen, starch, cellulose
D)   Cellulose, glycogen, starch
E)   Starch, glycogen, celluloseF) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

Question 10

A structural isomer for the molecule NaOCH2CH3 would be expected to have how many carbon atoms?

Accepted Answer

A)   One
B)   Two
C)   Three
D)   Five
E)   NineF) C) and D)
G) A) and D)

Question 11

Refer to the figure below.  The structure shows an example of a biological polymer called a protein, which is made up of monomers called _______.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Refer to the figure below.  The...

Question 12

Oil and water do not mix easily because _______ cause the fat molecules of the oil to aggregate together in water.

Accepted Answer

A)   van der Waals forces
B)   covalent bonds
C)   disulfide bonds
D)   ester linkages
E)   glycosidic linkagesF) C) and E)
G) A) and B)

Question 13

All of the following contribute to the three-dimensional shape of a protein except

Accepted Answer

A)   temperature.
B)   ester linkages.
C)   pH.
D)   R groups.
E)   the peptide backbone.F) None of the above
G) B) and E)

Question 14

Refer to the figure below.  The figure shows a polymeric macromolecule synthesized by cells.The monomer of this polymer is _______.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Refer to the figure below.  The...

Question 15

A molecule with the formula C6H12O6 can be classified as a

Accepted Answer

A)   protein.
B)   carbohydrate.
C)   lipid.
D)   fat.
E)   nucleic acid.F) C) and E)
G) A) and E)

Question 16

Glucose and fructose both have the formula C6H12O6, but the atoms in these two compounds are arranged differently.Glucose and fructose are therefore

Accepted Answer

A)   isomers.
B)   polysaccharides.
C)   stereosaccharides.
D)   pentoses.
E)   isotopes.F) D) and E)
G) C) and D)

Question 17

An unknown sample known to contain either triglycerides or phospholipids is placed in water.The sample forms a separate layer on top of the water, with no mixing in the bulk volume of water.What type of lipid does the sample contain, and what structural element is responsible for the sample's behavior in water?

Accepted Answer

A)   Triglycerides, double bonds in fatty acid tails
B)   Triglycerides, ester linkages
C)   Triglycerides, long-chain hydrocarbon tails
D)   Phospholipids, ester linkages
E)   Phospholipids, glycerol backboneF) A) and B)
G) B) and C)

Question 18

A macromolecule that is isolated from the bone of dinosaurs and found to have nitrogen-carbon-carbon repeats would be classified as a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)   polysaccharide.
B)   oligosaccharide.
C)   polypeptide.
D)   triglyceride.
E)   lipid.F) All of the above
G) None of the above

Question 19

Refer to the figures below.  Two vitamin structures are shown.Which would be classified as a lipid, and why?

Accepted Answer

A)   Structure 1, because of its similarity in structure to cholesterol
B)   Structure 1, because most of its structure forms a ring
C)   Structure 2, because of its carbon content
D)   Structure 2, because of its nonpolar nature
E)   Both structures, because of their carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen contentF) B) and C)
G) B) and E)

Question 20

Disaccharides are joined together by

Accepted Answer

A)   hydrolysis.
B)   glycosidic linkages.
C)   peptide bonds.
D)   salt bridges.
E)   hydrophobic reactions.F) B) and E)
G) A) and E)

Exam 3: Proteins, Carbohydrates, and Lipids

Refer to the figures below. Two vitamin structures are shown.Which would be classified as a lipid, and why?

Correct Answer
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Oil and water do not mix easily because _______ cause the fat molecules of the oil to aggregate together in water.

Correct Answer
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A molecule with the formula C₆H₁₂O₆ can be classified as a

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Refer to the figure below. Rank the three structures shown, from lowest to highest density.

Correct Answer
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A structural isomer for the molecule NaOCH₂CH₃ would be expected to have how many carbon atoms?

Correct Answer
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Refer to the figure below. The structure shows an example of a biological polymer called a protein, which is made up of monomers called _______.

Correct Answer
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All of the following contribute to the three-dimensional shape of a protein except

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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A protein is discovered to undergo a reversible phosphorylation reaction in the cell.Scientists do not know whether this phosphorylation has any biological function, but one possibility is that

Correct Answer
verified

Refer to the figure below. The figure shows a polymeric macromolecule synthesized by cells.The monomer of this polymer is _______.

Correct Answer
verified

Glucose and fructose both have the formula C₆H₁₂O₆, but the atoms in these two compounds are arranged differently.Glucose and fructose are therefore

Correct Answer
verified

Starch and glycogen are similar in that they both

Correct Answer
verified

Olive oil melts at a lower temperature than beef fat because

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Refer to the figure below. Which of the following is broken during hydrolysis reactions that release the molecule's monomers as products?

Correct Answer
verified

Disaccharides are joined together by

Correct Answer
verified

A macromolecule that is isolated from the bone of dinosaurs and found to have nitrogen-carbon-carbon repeats would be classified as a(n)

Correct Answer
verified

Hydroxyl groups are polar, and thus a molecule that contains multiple hydroxyl groups will be

Correct Answer
verified

Refer to the figure below showing a section of a polypeptide chain in a protein. Which bond labeled on the figure undergoes hydrolysis as the chain is broken down to its amino acid building blocks?

Correct Answer
verified

Exam 3: Proteins, Carbohydrates, and Lipids

Refer to the figures below. Two vitamin structures are shown.Which would be classified as a lipid, and why?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Oil and water do not mix easily because _______ cause the fat molecules of the oil to aggregate together in water.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A molecule with the formula C6H12O6 can be classified as a

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Refer to the figure below. Rank the three structures shown, from lowest to highest density.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A structural isomer for the molecule NaOCH2CH3 would be expected to have how many carbon atoms?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Refer to the figure below. The structure shows an example of a biological polymer called a protein, which is made up of monomers called _______.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

All of the following contribute to the three-dimensional shape of a protein except

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A protein is discovered to undergo a reversible phosphorylation reaction in the cell.Scientists do not know whether this phosphorylation has any biological function, but one possibility is that

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Refer to the figure below. The figure shows a polymeric macromolecule synthesized by cells.The monomer of this polymer is _______.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Glucose and fructose both have the formula C6H12O6, but the atoms in these two compounds are arranged differently.Glucose and fructose are therefore

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Starch and glycogen are similar in that they both

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Olive oil melts at a lower temperature than beef fat because

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Refer to the figure below. Which of the following is broken during hydrolysis reactions that release the molecule's monomers as products?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Disaccharides are joined together by

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A macromolecule that is isolated from the bone of dinosaurs and found to have nitrogen-carbon-carbon repeats would be classified as a(n)

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Hydroxyl groups are polar, and thus a molecule that contains multiple hydroxyl groups will be

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Refer to the figure below showing a section of a polypeptide chain in a protein. Which bond labeled on the figure undergoes hydrolysis as the chain is broken down to its amino acid building blocks?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
verified

A molecule with the formula C₆H₁₂O₆ can be classified as a

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
verified

A structural isomer for the molecule NaOCH₂CH₃ would be expected to have how many carbon atoms?

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
verified

Glucose and fructose both have the formula C₆H₁₂O₆, but the atoms in these two compounds are arranged differently.Glucose and fructose are therefore

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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