Question 1

In retinitis pigmentosa, there is

Accepted Answer

A)   regeneration of too many photoreceptors.
B)   loss of color in the iris of the eye.
C)   loss of macular opacity.
D)   loss of the ability to use the lens in order to focus.
E)   degeneration of the pigment epithelium.F) B) and D)
G) A) and B)

Question 2

_______ refers to the distance between the location of a retinal image and the fovea.

Accepted Answer

A)   Degradation
B)   Density
C)   Circularity
D)   Eccentricity
E)   Signal strengthF) A) and C)
G) A) and B)

Question 3

Refer to the figure.
 Eye doctors use an instrument called an ophthalmoscope to look at the _______ of their patients' eyes, as seen in the image.

Accepted Answer

A)   cornea
B)   iris
C)   lens
D)   focal point
E)   fundusF) D) and E)
G) All of the above

Question 4

In aging-related macular degeneration (AMD)  there is a _______ loss of _______ vision.

Accepted Answer

A)   sudden; peripheral
B)   gradual; peripheral
C)   sudden; central
D)   gradual; central
E)   complete; allF) A) and C)
G) A) and E)

Question 5

Which of the following sense light?

Accepted Answer

A)   Ganglion cells
B)   Rods and cones
C)   Horizontal cells
D)   Amacrine cells
E)   Bipolar cellsF) C) and D)
G) A) and E)

Question 6

Light can be described as a stream of photons or a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)   signal.
B)   wave.
C)   source.
D)   outlet of energy.
E)   illuminant.F) All of the above
G) A) and C)

Question 7

A neuron will not fire if a stimulus does not activate its

Accepted Answer

A)   axon.
B)   action potential.
C)   central region.
D)   photoreceptor.
E)   receptive field.F) A) and B)
G) A) and E)

Question 8

Describe how the shape of the human lens and eyeball can cause blurry vision that requires correction. What are the differences between emmetropia, myopia, hyperopia, and astigmatism?

Accepted Answer

The eyeball may be too long or too short...

Question 9

When something strikes a surface, especially light, sound, or heat, and is redirected (usually back toward its point of origin) , it is being

Accepted Answer

A)   refracted.
B)   transmitted.
C)   scattered.
D)   reflected.
E)   absorbed.F) D) and E)
G) All of the above

Question 10

The vertical pathway in the retina consists of all the following except

Accepted Answer

A)   cones.
B)   rods.
C)   bipolar cells.
D)   ganglion cells.
E)   amacrine cells.F) C) and D)
G) A) and E)

Question 11

Photoreceptors that are specialized for daylight vision, fine acuity, and color are called

Accepted Answer

A)   duplexes.
B)   ganglion cells.
C)   rods.
D)   bipolar cells.
E)   cones.F) A) and D)
G) A) and E)

Question 12

The structure that becomes thicker or thinner to allow images to be focused onto the back of the eye is called the

Accepted Answer

A)   pupil.
B)   iris.
C)   lens.
D)   retina.
E)   cornea.F) B) and E)
G) C) and D)

Question 13

In what ways is the human eye similar to a camera? In what ways does it differ from a camera? Compare and contrast camera functions to the physiology of the human eye.

Accepted Answer

The eye is analogous to a camera in the ...

Question 14

This term refers to the process by which the eye changes focus.

Accepted Answer

A)   Accommodation
B)   Adaptation
C)   Presbyopia
D)   Convergence
E)   EmmetropiaF) A) and E)
G) None of the above

Question 15

P ganglion cells are different than M ganglion cells in that P ganglion cells

Accepted Answer

A)   have larger receptive fields than M ganglion cells do.
B)   are more sensitive to motion than M ganglion cells are.
C)   synapse with more photoreceptors than M ganglion cells do.
D)   operate better in low-light conditions than M ganglion cells do.
E)   are more sensitive to color than M ganglion cells are.F) A) and C)
G) B) and C)

Question 16

If the P ganglion cells in the retina suddenly disappeared, what would be the consequences for perception?

Accepted Answer

A)   Motion perception would be severely impaired.
B)   Peripheral vision would be severely impaired.
C)   Color and form perception would be severely impaired.
D)   Color and form perception would be improved.
E)   Scotopic vision would be severely impaired.F) C) and D)
G) A) and E)

Question 17

Light and dark adaptation can occur by pupil constriction or dilation and

Accepted Answer

A)   lateral inhibition.
B)   changes in photoreceptor concentration.
C)   photoactivation.
D)   bipolar cell activation and deactivation.
E)   ganglion cell activation and deactivation.F) B) and D)
G) A) and B)

Question 18

Refer to the figure.
 This chart is used to test for

Accepted Answer

A)   myopia.
B)   hyperopia.
C)   astigmatism.
D)   macular degeneration.
E)   retinitis pigmentosa.F) A) and C)
G) A) and B)

Question 19

A neuron will not fire if a stimulus does not activate its

Accepted Answer

A)   axon.
B)   action potential.
C)   central region.
D)   photoreceptor.
E)   receptive field.F) C) and D)
G) A) and D)

Question 20

The part of the photoreceptor that contains photopigment molecules is called the

Accepted Answer

A)   retina.
B)   outer segment.
C)   inner segment.
D)   synaptic terminal.
E)   vitreous humor.F) B) and E)
G) D) and E)

Exam 2: The First Steps in Vision: From Light to Neural Signals

P ganglion cells are different than M ganglion cells in that P ganglion cells

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In retinitis pigmentosa, there is

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A neuron will not fire if a stimulus does not activate its

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The vertical pathway in the retina consists of all the following except

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Which of the following sense light?

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In aging-related macular degeneration (AMD) there is a _______ loss of _______ vision.

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Light and dark adaptation can occur by pupil constriction or dilation and

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The structure that becomes thicker or thinner to allow images to be focused onto the back of the eye is called the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Refer to the figure. Eye doctors use an instrument called an ophthalmoscope to look at the _______ of their patients' eyes, as seen in the image.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The part of the photoreceptor that contains photopigment molecules is called the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A neuron will not fire if a stimulus does not activate its

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Refer to the figure. This chart is used to test for

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When something strikes a surface, especially light, sound, or heat, and is redirected (usually back toward its point of origin) , it is being

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Photoreceptors that are specialized for daylight vision, fine acuity, and color are called

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In what ways is the human eye similar to a camera? In what ways does it differ from a camera? Compare and contrast camera functions to the physiology of the human eye.

Correct AnswerverifiedThe eye is analogous to a camera in the ...View AnswerShow Answer

Describe how the shape of the human lens and eyeball can cause blurry vision that requires correction. What are the differences between emmetropia, myopia, hyperopia, and astigmatism?

Correct AnswerverifiedThe eyeball may be too long or too short...View AnswerShow Answer

This term refers to the process by which the eye changes focus.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Light can be described as a stream of photons or a(n)

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

_______ refers to the distance between the location of a retinal image and the fovea.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

If the P ganglion cells in the retina suddenly disappeared, what would be the consequences for perception?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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In aging-related macular degeneration (AMD) there is a _ loss of _ vision.

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The eye is analogous to a camera in the ...
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The eyeball may be too long or too short...
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