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Bolivia had a smaller budget deficit in 2003 than in 2002. Other things the same, we would expect this reduction in the budget deficit to have


A) increased both interest rates and investment.
B) increased interest rates and decreased investment.
C) decreased interest rates and increased investment.
D) decreased both interest rates and investment.

E) All of the above
F) B) and C)

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Suppose the government were to replace the income tax with a consumption tax so that interest on savings was not taxed. The result would be that the interest rate


A) and investment both would increase.
B) and investment both would decrease.
C) would increase and investment would decrease.
D) would decrease and investment would increase.

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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Suppose a country has only a sales tax. Now suppose it replaces the sales tax with an income tax that includes a tax on interest income. This would make equilibrium


A) interest rates and the equilibrium quantity of loanable funds rise.
B) interest rates rise and the equilibrium quantity of loanable funds fall.
C) interest rates fall and the equilibrium quantity of loanable funds rise.
D) interest rates and the equilibrium quantity of loanable funds fall.

E) All of the above
F) A) and B)

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Scenario 26-3. Assume the following information for an imaginary, open economy. Consumption = $1,000; investment = $200; net exports = -$50; taxes = $230; private saving = $225; and national saving = $150. -Refer to Scenario 26-3. For this economy, government purchases amount to


A) $330.
B) $280.
C) $305.
D) $310.

E) A) and B)
F) All of the above

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If the government's expenditures exceeded its receipts, it would likely


A) lend money to a bank or other financial intermediary.
B) borrow money from a bank or other financial intermediary.
C) buy bonds directly from the public.
D) sell bonds directly to the public.

E) B) and C)
F) None of the above

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Which of the following is correct?


A) In a closed economy, equilibrium in the market for loanable funds occurs where saving = investment.
B) Investment is the source for the supply of loanable funds.
C) If there is a surplus in the market for loanable funds, the interest rate rises.
D) All of the above are correct

E) A) and B)
F) A) and D)

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After a corporation issues stock, the stock


A) cannot be resold.
B) can be resold only if the corporation wants to buy it back.
C) can be resold on exchanges; the resale will raise additional funds for the corporation.
D) None of the above are correct.

E) None of the above
F) A) and B)

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In a closed economy, public saving is the amount of


A) income that households have left after paying for taxes and consumption.
B) income that businesses have left after paying for the factors of production.
C) tax revenue that the government has left after paying for its spending.
D) spending that the government undertakes in excess of the taxes it collects.

E) A) and D)
F) All of the above

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How do banks make profits?

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They charge borrower...

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List three characteristics of a bond that would make its interest rate higher than otherwise.

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it has a longer term to maturi...

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Which bond is likely to have higher interest rate due to a higher default risk?


A) A share of stock issued by Apple.
B) A corporate bond issued by Apple.
C) A junk bond.
D) A U.S. government bond.

E) A) and B)
F) None of the above

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In the late summer of 2005 some regions of the country were suffering from drought. What effect would we expect this to have on the stock of companies such as John Deere that manufacture farm equipment?


A) raise the demand for existing shares of the stock, causing the price to rise
B) decrease the demand for existing shares of the stock, causing the price to fall
C) raise the supply of the existing shares of stock, causing the price to rise
D) raise the supply of the existing shares of stock, causing the price to fall

E) C) and D)
F) A) and D)

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In a closed economy, national saving is


A) usually greater than investment.
B) equal to investment.
C) usually less than investment because of the leakage of taxes.
D) always less than investment.

E) B) and C)
F) None of the above

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In the market for loanable funds, the interaction of the demand for, and supply of, loanable funds determines the equilibrium level of


A) the inflation rate.
B) gross domestic product.
C) the real interest rate.
D) the nominal interest rate.

E) B) and C)
F) A) and B)

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A budget deficit


A) changes the supply of loanable funds.
B) changes the demand for loanable funds.
C) changes both the supply of and demand for loanable funds.
D) does not influence the supply of or the demand for loanable funds.

E) None of the above
F) A) and B)

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When a firm wants to borrow directly from the public to finance the purchase of new equipment, it does so by selling shares of stock.

A) True
B) False

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If the government instituted an investment tax credit, then which of the following would be higher in equilibrium?


A) saving and the interest rate
B) saving but not the interest rate
C) the interest rate but not saving
D) neither saving nor the interest rate

E) B) and D)
F) A) and B)

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In examining the national income accounts of the closed economy of Nepotocracy you see that this year it had taxes of $100 billion, transfers of $20 billion, and government purchases of goods and services of $70 billion. You also notice that last year it had private saving of $70 billion and investment of $50 billion. In which year did Nepotocracy have a budget deficit of $20 billion?


A) this year and last year
B) this year but not last year
C) last year but not this year
D) neither this year nor last year

E) None of the above
F) All of the above

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The financial system is important because it helps to match one person's _____ with another person's _____.

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Other things the same, bonds are likely to have higher interest rates if they have


A) tax exemptions and short terms.
B) tax exemptions and long terms.
C) no tax exemptions and short terms.
D) no tax exemptions and long terms.

E) All of the above
F) B) and C)

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